The Constitution Framers

A Lawyer, diplomat, and statesman who was the first president of the United Nations Economic and Social Council. The 24th and the last Dewan of Mysore.

Began as a lawyer but later abandoned legal practice and joined politics to protest police brutality and British. First prime minister of Travancore's newly democratic government.

A politician, zamindar, educationist, and industrialist. Member of the Central Legislative Assembly in British India.

Prominent lawyer turned politician from the United Provinces. Former Union Minister for Rehabilitation and Food and Agriculture. Served as Governor of Kerala 1965.

Socialist member of Arya Samaj. Staunch Hindi supporter in the Constituent Assembly. Part of Rules Committee, Executive and Finance Committees and Planning Advisory Committee of the Lok Sabha.

Eminent Constitutional Law Expert. Advocate-General of Madras State. Played a critical role in the Constituent Assembly and was part of nine of its Committees.

A founding member of the Women’s Indian Association. Former Vice President of the Federation of Film Societies and the Censor Board and President of the Bharat Scouts and Guides.

Served as the Minister in charge of Health and Power in the 1948 Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly. First woman from Kerala to serve as a Member of the Parliament of India.

Popularly known as 'Bihar Vibhuti', an ardent Gandhi follower, and influential in shaping the political landscape of Bihar.

An author, editor, and politician; ran his own publishing company called 'Saraswati Library' through which he published radical writings.

Noted lawyer who defended revolutionaries like Bhagat Singh in their court trials. An important statesman post-independence; Served as the Indian Ambassador to U.S.A and Switzerland.

A passionate advocate of education and teacher; staunch advocate against prohibition of alcohol; avid cricket enthusiast

Originally a doctor, he gave up practicing to join the Indian Freedom Movement; had a weekly English publication called the 'Janmabhumi.

Eminent Muslim League leader, Founding member of the Kerala Muslim Educational Association

Father of the Indian Constitution, Eminent Scholar and Social Reformer, Renounced Hinduism to adopt Navayana Buddhism

Prominent journalist and interlocutor; compiled 6 volumes on Constituent Assembly debates and documents

India's longest serving Minister for Information and Broadcasting. Promoted classical music on All India Radio but banned Hindi film music, cricket commentaries, and the harmonium from it.

A premier politician in Bombay; helped to establish the Poona University (now known as the Savitribai Phule Pune University)

A lawyer and prominent freedom fighter in Ramdurg; participated in the Karnataka unification movement.

Former Chief Justice of the Lahore High Court; Played a key role in public life during Partition.

Represented the Sikh community in the negotiations with the Cripps Mission and Cabinet Mission. First Defence Minister of independent India. In-charge of security and relief efforts during partition.

Key congress leader in Rajasthan; was a member of many caste based organisations and an editor for cultural magazines.

Architect of Panchayati Raj

An Indian Politician belonging to the Indian National Congress and actively participated in the freedom struggle; Elected to the Lok Sabha.

Not an active member of the Assembly but supported uplifting minority communities, in particular the Muslim minority and the importance of democracy.

Only Muslim woman to be a member of the Constituent Assembly of India.

Part of the All India Students Federation and member of its Working Committee in 1937. Spoke in favour of the rights of the people of the Princely States in the Constituent Assembly.

Long-time politician within the Indian National Congress; cotton merchant and businessman by profession

An Indian Politician and former Chief Minister from Bihar.

Politician, philanthropist, and lawyer; former Prime Minister of Odissa.

Indian politician and lawyer; involved in the Quit India Movement.

A political activist and writer popularly known as 'Vidarbha Kesari'; participated in the Dahihanda Salt Satyagraha and Jungle Satyagraha.

A former Chief Minister of Coorg and a Minister in the State of Mysore; actively participated in the Freedom Movement and the Salt Satyagraha.

Popularly referred to as ‘Rajaji’, a prominent Indian statesman who was a firm Gandhian and a member of the Indian National Congress.

Former Agriculture Minister; Bharat Ratna awardee in 1998.

Leading figure in the depressed classes movement in Bihar; Served significant administrative positions in the Bihar and all-India Depressed Classes League.

Politician; One of the leaders responsible for leading the Satyagraha and Quit India movement in Rohtak, Haryana.

Member of the Provisional Parliament and first Lok Sabha in 1952; founded the Rotary Club in Lucknow

Prominent Muslim League politician, later migrated to Pakistan

Former Mayor of Lucknow and President of Muslim League

Sole Female Dalit Member of Constituent Assembly

Advocate for minority rights; active freedom fighter; served as a member of various socialist political parties

An Indian politician who entered the freedom fight in response to Gandhi's call for Civil Disobedience, and a former Chief Minister of Bihar.

Freedom Fighter and Socialist Politician endearingly called "Deshbandhu", he supported uplifting Dalits and the removal of untouchability; participated in the Quit India Movement and he was influential on Indian journalism as well.

Lawyer and journalist; one of the most influential leaders in organising workers’ rights movements and voicing the concerns of the labour class in India.

Indian freedom fighter, politician, and journalist; Author of the Parliamentary Proceedings Act which allowed the media to publicize parliamentary proceedings; husband to former PM Indira Ghandi.

A prominent educationist and member of the Anglo-Indian community

A freedom fighter from the age of 12 and popularly known as the 'Iron Lady'; she is an important figure in the literacy movement in India, especially in education for girls.

Known as the 'Father of Lok Sabha', he was the Speaker of the first Lok Sabha in 1952

Indian politician and Punjabi writer; former Chief Minister of Punjab.

Known as the ‘Gandhi’ of Rajasthan. Fiercely advocated for decentralisation, local democracy and village panchayats in the Constituent Assembly Debates.

A politician and Indian independence activist who served as the 1st Chief Minister of Assam; the Governor of Assam, Jairamdas Daulatram, conferred the title Lokpriya or 'loved by all' on Bordoloi.

Eminent Freedom Fighter from Kumaon, First Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh

An Indian freedom fighter, educationist, and politician; he spoke on issues such as the election of the President, periodical review of the Constitution, and reservations.

Prominent Bengali Christian leader, Vice-President of Constituent Assembly.

Ex-ICS officer, social worker and freelance journalist, who joined the freedom movement under Subash Chandra Bose's Forward Bloc Party.

One of the few female drafters of the Indian Constitution, and a prominent women's rights activist.

Journalist and lawyer advocating for awareness around political movements for Independence; Deputy Speaker of the UP Legislature

Popularly known as 'Utkal Keshari', he was the leader of the Indian National Congress, a notable figure in the Indian independence movement, and a former Chief Minister of Odisha.

First Union Law Minister of 1952 Lok Sabha, introduced the Hindu Code Bill; first Governor of Madhya Pradesh

Well known for contributions to the Uttar Pradesh labor movement; involved in the freedom movement since a young age.

Founding Member of the Communist Part of India; A noted Urdu poet well-known for coining the slogan, "Inquilab Zindabad".

Was a part of the Constituent Assembly, but not much is known about his involvement in the Indian independence movement.

An Indian politician and the first Chief Minister of Rajasthan;

Two-time member of the Rajya Sabha; Member of the States Reorganisation Commission and the University Grants Commission

First Sikh to be elected as Speaker in the Lok Sabha and former Governor of Rajasthan; launched an English language journal called 'The Spokesman'.

A formidable educationist, active freedom fighter and Gandhian; advocated for socialism and upholding fundamental rights

An Indian politician, notable for holding the presidency of the Indian National Congress during the transfer of power in 1947.

Architect of the Sixth Schedule

Former Hindu Mahasabha Member who later joined Congress

Prominent Dalit Freedom fighter, Independent India's first Labour Minister.

Former Chief Minister of Rajasthan and leader of Indian National Congress party.

Prominent Adivasi member and indigenous rights activist.

Former governor of Bihar and Assam; first Minister of Agriculture; passionate advocate for Sindhi language and community.

Indian politician and active participant during the Assembly debates.

India's first Prime Minister; shaped India's early foreign policy; a key leader of the Indian National Congress and the Independence movement

First Rector in India; a prominent diplomat of the Nehru government; proficient in several languages

An eminent physician and administrator; the first Chief Minister of Gujarat; the founder of the Indian Institute of Management in Ahmedabad

One of the architects of the Bombay Plan; reputed academic; former Vice-Chancellor of Bombay and Kerala University

Knighted by the British in 1934; a British loyalist and one of Kanpur's leading industrialists; involved with the Hindu Mahasabha

Former Chief Minister of Madras; eminent politician within the Indian National Congress; Bharat Ratna awardee in 1976

Former editor of the Indian Express and the Hindustan Times. Chairman of the Committee on Prevention of Corruption, which eventually set up the Central Vigilance Commission in 1964

Eminent economist, advocate and writer; An important socialist face in the Constituent Assembly.

Eminent lawyer and legislator, chairperson of first Finance Commission

Prominent lawyer during Independence who fought cases for political prisoners; also involved in educationl and journalistic endeavours

Active freedom fighter during the Independence movement; former Minister of Finance and Revenue for Andhra Pradesh upon its creation

Padma Shri awardee in 1967; a gifted orator and nationalist; former Deputy Speaker of the Andhra Assembly

Freedom fighter and a senior leader of the Indian National Congress who was also a writer, journalist and an eminent politician.

Independent member from Bihar, Maharaja of Darbhanga, Prominent Zamindar

Freedom fighter and a pioneer of woman's rights who consistently worked for the improvement of women's lives in the society. She was an elected member to the Constituent Assembly of India.

Involved in regional politics in Gujarat; a member of the First Lok Sabha in 1952

An emninent member of the Constituent Assembly of India who is also a notable litigator.

First chief Minister of Mysore State

A strong leader of political and social reform movements in Maharashtra; founded the Peasants and Workers Party (PWP)

A political and spiritual leader known popularly as Frontier Gandhi, and a lifelong advocate of Hindu-Muslim unity.

India's third Labour minister; founded the Indian National Trade Union Congress; active participant in trade union and labour issues

Deputy Minister for Communications (State) in India's first cabinet after independence. Part of the Constituent Assembly's Select Committee that had the task of evaluating the Hindu Code Bill and reporting on it.

Prominent leader of Bengal Congress. Briefly joined the Swaraj Party and served as its Secretary. Taught History at Presidency and Sanskrit College, Calcutta.

Spearheaded the anti-colonial movement in Bihar. Earned the title 'Iron Man of Bihar' for his strong opposition to the Zamindari system. Responsible for the passage of the Zamindari Abolition Bill in the State.

Held key posts in the Congress; Remained lifelong member of the Party. After independence, elected to both the first and second Lok Sabha.

The first Chief Minister of Bihar and a prominent member of the Constituent Assembly who raised his voice against the caste system and supported the oppressed.

An eminent politician and a freedom fighter who was elected as a member of the Indian National Congress.

First President of Assam Pradesh Congress Committee and a prominent member of the Assam Council and the Central Legislative Assembly. Former Speaker of the Assam Legislative Assembly.

Advocate of Gandhian values and reputed Congress leader; contributed to the official language issue in the Constituent Assembly

Imprisoned for taking part in the Satyagraha Movement; a member of the Scheduled Caste Federation.

Secretary of The Congress Nationalist Party and an eminent politician who was elected to the Constituent Asembly from Calcutta.

A key leader in Gopal Krishna Gokhale's Servants of India Society. Held several significant administrative positions in Punjab Congress.

A fierce-spirited and strongly opinionated female member of the Constituent Assembly who was also a staunch feminist who worked by her women empowerment motive.

Associated with the Congress, the Swatantra Party and the Janata Party. Former Governor of Assam, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.

A scholar, a seasoned parliamentarian and a skilled lawyer; former speaker of the Lok Sabha

First Vice-Chancellor of the University of Poona; eminent jurist and lawyer from Bombay; key member of Hindu Mahasabha

Eminent Parsi member of the Constituent Assembly, Represented socialist strand of Congress

Veteran Congress Party member from the erstwhile State of Mysore. Post-independence, he held important cabinet positions in the State including that of Home Minister and Law Minister.

Active politician in the Madras Legislative Assembly; respected banker and educationist; Padma Bhushan awardee in 1973

Prominent Gandhian activist and social reformer; Opposed preventive detention and suspension of Fundamental Rights in Emergency situations

A staunch Marxist influenced by Tagore's ideas. Worked towards rural development, tribal welfare and abolition of the zamindari system in Orissa. Imprisoned during the 1975 emergency.

A prominent member of the Congress Party and the first education minister of independent India.

Demanded self-governance for Kashmiris and was elected to the Kashmir Legislative Assembly upon its creation. He was one of four members elected to the Constituent Assembly from Jammu and Kashmir.

Eminent politician and activist from the Muslim League; member of the founding committee of Jamia Milia Islamia University

Minister of Rehabilitation between 1948-50; active leader within the Indian National Congress; lawyer and journalist

Practicing doctor at Calcutta Medical College. Part of Subash Chandra Bose's Forward Bloc. Held several important posts in the Education and Scientific Research Ministries post-independence.

Proficient linguist and active freedom fighter; inspired by Gandhi's movement to make Hindi the national language

Founded the Indian Union Muslim League party in 1948; one of the 28 Muslim League members in the Constituent Assembly

Knighted by the British in 1928. First Premier of Assam in British India. Only Muslim League member included in the Constituent Assembly's Drafting Committee.

Eminent Lawyer; Former Senior Advocate in the Supreme Court. Influential political personality from Ajmer; Three time Lok Sabha member from the Ajmer Constituency

First Premier of the erstwhile State of Central Provinces and Berar; Prime Minister of the former Alwar State. Initially with the Congress, later joined the Hindu Mahasabha.

Drafting Committee Member, Architect of Article 370

Worked with several Princely States; Served as the Dewan of Mysore. Took part in the Round Table Conferences. Involved in the drafting of the Government of India Act, 1935.

Strong advocate for farmers' rights; founder of All India Kisan Congress; co-founder of the Swatantra Party

Pioneer of various social reform movements; former Governor of Punjab; former vice-chancellor of Poona University

A prominent voice from the Muslim League within the Constituent Assembly. An influential journalist, lawyer, politician and activist from West Bengal.

Reputed politician in Andhra Pradesh; former speaker of the Lok Sabha and youngest President to be elected

Senior Professor of Sanskrit and Bengali. Spearheaded various campaigns to abolish untouchability in Assam. Post-independence served as the Deputy Minister for Relief and Rehabilitation in Assam.

First Chief Minister of Madras after independence. The Madras Temple Entry Authorisation Act and the Tamil Nadu Devadasis (Prevention of Dedication) were passed in 1947 under his leadership.

Active freedom fighter; three-time Member of Parliament including Union Minister for Transport and Railways from 1952-57

West Bengal’s first chief minister. Initially with the Congress but later formed a new party - Progressive Democratic Front. Received a doctorate in chemistry.

Served as the Chief Minister of both the Cochin and the merged Cochin-Travancore State. Held important ministerial posts including in the Food, Agriculture, Railways, Law and Social Welfare departments.

Fierce advocate for the rights of Dalit people and the underprivileged; an active freedom fighter and local Congress politician

Prominent political and spiritual leader, who headed the Matua Mahasangha sect. Established the Bengal chapter of the Depressed Classes League. Served as a Minister (State) in the Tribal Welfare Department but resigned in 1964.

A prominent social activist and a leader to the farmers of India who also served as the Minister of Agriculture in Jawaharlal Nehru's First Cabinet in 1952.

Associated with multiple political parties including the Congress, the Indian Socialist Party and the Praja Socialist Party. Repeat legislator from the Travancore-Cochin Legislative Assembly.

Advocate for language rights and Dalit issues; former Governor of Maharashtra and member of first Rajya Sabha

A Congress party stalwart from Kerala. Pushed for self-governance in the Travancore State. After independence, held the ministries of Home Affairs, Law, and Revenue in Kerala.

One of the 15 women members of the Constituent Assembly. Member of both the Congress and the Congress Socialist Party.

Freedom Fighter, Hindi Advocate, Given Title of 'Rajarshi'

India's first Finance Minister; advocate for Dalit rights and the Tamil language; former Vice-Chancellor of Annamalai University

Lifelong member of the Congress, becoming its General Secretary in 1932. Served as the Mayor of Karachi.

Third Chief Minister of Kerala; lawyer, educationist, and an advocate for progressive ideas.

Active freedom fighter; seasoned member of the Congress Party; educationist and advocate for social issues

One of the foremost leaders of the Indian National Congress; active freedom fighter; the first Communications Minister

Formed the All India Muslim Youth League and set up the Calcutta Muslim League. Prominent member of the All India Muslim League Council. Played a key role in framing Pakistan's Constitution.

Highly educated linguist and scholar of great repute; A Hindu-Hindi extremist and a prominent Member of the Constituent Assembly’s Hindi committee tasked with translating the Constitution into Hindi.

Associated with Hindustan Socialist Republican Army and the Bharatpur Praja Parishad Party. Held several ministerial positions after independence.

Served as the President of the Constituent Assembly and Chairman of four Assembly Committees. Later elected First President of independent India.

Long time freedom fighter, Gandhi’s close aide and independent India’s first Minister of Health.

Dedicated Congress Party political worker, prominent freedom fighter titled 'Chotanagpur kesri', devoted Gandhian

Founder of the Indian Express; an advocate for free speech and freedom of press; inspired to join the Freedom Struggle because of Gandhi

Former Governor of Bihar and first Union Minister of State for Information and Broadcasting; key figure in unification of Kannada speaking regions

1st Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, politician and a strong Hindi language supporter.

Prominent women’s rights advocate. Legal secretary to the All India Women’s Conference. Represented India in the U.N. General Assembly in May 1949.

Prominent figure in Assamese politics. Member of the Assam legislature between 1927 and 1945

Advocate for the rights of Dalits; architect of the famous Kurnool District Circular that guided local participation for Quit India movement

Former Chief Minister of Karnataka; active in state politics in Karnataka

Key role in the formation of the Province of Bihar and Orissa. Prominent academic who published a number of papers and books.

Prominent leader of the All-Orissa States’ Peoples’ Movement that demanded a responsible government in all Princely States. Post-independence joined the Socialist Party and served as its chairman.

Socialist republican; founded the Socialist Republican Party in 1947; active revolutionary

Iron Man and Unifier of India, Member and Chairman of key Assembly Committees

Renowned poet and author. First Indian woman President of the Indian National Congress. Championed the cause of women's suffrage and the improved conditions of widows in India.

Second President of India. Prolific writer, scholar and educationist. Seasoned diplomat representing India at the UN.

Former Parliamentary Secretary to Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru in 1951. Member of several important national committees for food grains, railways, and scientific research.

Prominent Congress member and Chief Whip of the Party. Former Minister of Parliamentary Affairs, Information and Broadcasting, and Parliamentary Affairs and Communications.

Noted Hindi writer; Author of numerous books, poems and biographies. Staunch advocate for the inclusion of a ban on Cow Slaughter as a fundamental right in the Constitution.

A Gandhian heavily inspired by Lokmanya Tilak’s nationalist movement. Post-independence, focused on movements around creating a Marathi state.

Instrumental in Jammu and Kashmir's accession to the Indian Union. Served briefly as the Prime Minister of Jammu and Kashmir until his dismissal. Returned as Chief Minister of the State and remained so until his death.

Actively involved in Labour movements; Member and President of several trade unions. Seasoned Parliamentarian; Part of first, second and fifth Lok Sabhas.

Notable educationist. Avid writer and poet in both Hindi and English. Wrote and published the 'Gandhian Constitution of Free India' based on Gandhian ideas.

One of the few Independent members of the Constituent Assembly. Former President of the Bihar Chamber of Commerce and Industries and General Secretary of the Bihar Land Owner’s Association.

Noted Bengali writer and Communist Party member. Sole representative of the Party in the Constituent Assembly. Former minister of information and culture and local self-government in West Bengal.

Representative of the Anglo-Indian community in the Constituent Assembly, naturalist and biologist

Active freedom fighter; staunch Gandhian; one of the first few women parliamentarians in independent India

Had a vibrant political career with affiliations to multiple parties - Jugantar Party, Swaraj Party, Independent League and the Congress. Spent a total of 23 years in jail owing to his anti-colonial activities.

Founder of Bharatiya Jana Sangh, First Minister of Commerce and Industry of Independent India

An advocate for the cooperative movement during the freedom struggle; an active politician in the Madras presidency

The youngest member of the Constituent Assembly; an active politician in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly

Former Finance Minister during the Nehru government; successful industrialist who founded the TTK group; Drafting Committee member

An Indian politician, Member of the Constituent Assembly and two times member of Rajya Sabha.

Prominent lawyer and parliamentarian. Elected to the Central Legislative Assembly in 1926. Part of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Delegation to England in 1948

Staunch Gandhian and active freedom fighter; served 17 years in the Indian Parliament including as Deputy Minister of Food and Agriculture

Touted as “Father of Modern Dakshina Kannada District”; a reputed architect and active freedom fighter in the South Canara district

Represented the Sikh community at the Second Round Table Conference and the Cripps Mission in 1942. Former Governor of the states of Punjab and Tamil Nadu.

A politician from West Bengal who was a vocal about the rights of the scheduled castes.

Vice-President of the Constituent Assembly. Exceptional administrator who served as Chairman of Indian States Finances Enquiry Committee, Indian Fiscal Commission and Vice-Chairman of the Planning Commission.

Two-term member of the Rajya Sabha and active local politician in Andhra Pradesh

A leading activist for the Dalit community; one of the signatories of the Poona Pact; a cabinet minister in the Provisional Parliament

Hindi Journalist and Freedom Fighter

Remarkable diplomatic career. Served as Indian ambassador to various countries. First woman president of the United Nations General Assembly.

known as the ‘Legend of Himachal Pradesh' for his role in helping Himachal achieve complete statehood in 1971. Served as the first Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh in 1952.

Member from Orissa Princely States

Important Muslim league leader from the United Provinces. Served as deputy leader of the opposition in the United Provinces Legislative Assembly.